Every layer,
by ingredient.

L-Tyrosine is a conditionally essential amino acid and a dietary precursor in catecholamine biosynthesis. It is included in the morning layer because the synthesis pathway it feeds draws on available tyrosine, and dietary availability can become rate-limiting during periods of sustained demand. The 500 mg dose reflects standard practice in published formulations examining this compound in cognitive contexts.

Bacopa monnieri is a plant used in Ayurvedic tradition for centuries and studied in multiple double-blind human trials. Its primary bioactives are bacosides A and B. The 10:1 extract standardizes the active compound content, delivering the equivalent of 3,000 mg dried herb per 300 mg dose. Published human studies show outcomes typically becoming measurable at 4–8 weeks of daily use.

Citicoline (CDP-choline) converts to both choline and cytidine in the body. Most choline supplements deliver choline only. The cytidine component (a uridine precursor) supports cell membrane phospholipid synthesis alongside acetylcholine production. The 300 mg dose is consistent with the range used in published human research on citicoline and cognitive outcomes.

enXtra® is the only standardized Alpinia galanga extract with a published, double-blind, placebo-controlled human study specifically examining alertness and attention over time. Its mechanism does not involve adrenergic activation. In a published double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (Nutrients, 2020), 300 mg showed statistically significant effects on self-reported alertness versus placebo over a 5-hour window.

The 3:1 rosavin-to-salidroside ratio mirrors the natural composition of Siberian Rhodiola root and matches the profile commonly used in published Rhodiola research on cognitive performance and fatigue. Many commercial Rhodiola extracts standardize for rosavins only. The 133 mg dose delivers approximately 4 mg rosavins and 1.3 mg salidroside.

The 24%/6% standardization is the EGb 761 specification used in the majority of controlled Ginkgo clinical trials. Non-standardized Ginkgo extracts have produced inconsistent research results. At 50:1 concentration, 60 mg delivers the active compound content of approximately 3,000 mg dried leaf.

Nicotinamide is a precursor to NAD+, the coenzyme central to cellular energy transfer. The nicotinamide form is chosen over niacin (nicotinic acid) because niacin can cause a flushing response at higher doses.

Thiamine is a coenzyme in pyruvate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase reactions that link glycolysis to the citric acid cycle. B1 is water-soluble; excess is excreted.

Riboflavin-5′-phosphate (R5P) is the phosphorylated coenzyme form of vitamin B2. The form the body actually uses. Standard riboflavin requires conversion by riboflavin kinase before it becomes active. R5P bypasses that step entirely.

Quatrefolic® delivers (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolate, the biologically active form of folate. Standard folic acid requires a multi-step enzymatic conversion, with the MTHFR enzyme as the rate-limiting step. Research estimates suggest roughly 10–15% of the European population carries the MTHFR C677T variant, which reduces conversion efficiency. Quatrefolic bypasses this pathway entirely.

Biotin is a water-soluble cofactor for five carboxylase enzymes involved in fatty acid synthesis, amino acid catabolism, and gluconeogenesis. D-biotin is the only naturally occurring and biologically active enantiomer.

Methylcobalamin is one of the two active coenzyme forms of B12. Unlike cyanocobalamin (the synthetic form used in most supplements), methylcobalamin is directly usable without hepatic conversion and is preferentially retained in neural tissue.

Magnesium malate combines magnesium with malic acid, a compound that functions as an intermediate in the citric acid cycle. The 80 mg elemental magnesium here, paired with the 156 mg in LAYER THREE, delivers a total of 236 mg elemental magnesium daily.

Acerola is among the richest natural sources of vitamin C by weight. The 25% standardized extract delivers 100 mg vitamin C within the whole-fruit matrix, which includes bioflavonoids and other phytonutrients not found in synthetic ascorbic acid.

Cordyceps contains adenosine and cordycepin alongside beta-glucan polysaccharides. The 30% polysaccharide standardization targets the beta-glucan fraction associated with biological activity. Cordyceps does not activate the adrenergic system, making it suitable for a non-stimulant daytime formulation.

Astragalus is categorized as a tonic adaptogen, distinct from stimulating adaptogens in that its activity is more relevant under chronic, accumulated load than acute demand. The 50% polysaccharide extract delivers a high-concentration preparation of the immunomodulatory fraction.

Proanthocyanidins (OPCs) from Pinus pinaster are among the most studied flavonoid polymers in cardiovascular and antioxidant research. The 95% standardization is pharmaceutical-grade. The midday placement reflects that cumulative oxidative load peaks after a full morning of activity.

Lalmin® Se2000 is selenium-enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The yeast matrix incorporates selenium primarily as selenomethionine and selenocysteine, the organic forms with demonstrably higher bioavailability and tissue retention compared to inorganic selenium salts.

Zinc bisglycinate chelates zinc with two glycine molecules. The amino acid chelation protects the zinc ion from competing minerals and phytates during intestinal absorption. Comparative absorption studies show bisglycinate delivering substantially more elemental zinc to circulation than zinc oxide at equivalent doses.

Saffr'Activ® is differentiated from standard saffron extracts by dual standardization: both crocin (3%) and safranal (2%) are specified and guaranteed. Most commercial saffron extracts standardize for only one of these fractions. The 30 mg dose reflects the range used in published human trials.

K2VITAL® DELTA micro-encapsulates the MK-7 molecule to prevent degradation. The all-trans configuration is biologically active; cis-MK-7 isomers in lower-grade extracts are largely inactive. MK-7 has roughly a 72-hour half-life, enabling consistent tissue levels from a single daily dose.

Cholecalciferol is the form synthesized by the skin on UV-B exposure. D3 is fat-soluble, and absorption increases meaningfully when taken with fat-containing meals versus fasted. The midday placement with food is deliberate for this reason.

MagChel® is pharmaceutical-grade magnesium bisglycinate. Two glycine molecules chelate the magnesium ion, protecting it from competing minerals during absorption. Head-to-head studies consistently show bisglycinate delivering substantially more elemental magnesium to circulation than inorganic forms. Combined with the 80 mg from LAYER TWO: 236 mg elemental magnesium daily.

Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root has a long history in India’s Ayurvedic tradition. KSM-66® uses the root alone, extracted without alcohol or chemical solvents. The root matters: the leaves carry more withaferin A, and since April 2026 India allows only the root in food products. Most published trials ran for eight weeks or longer with daily use. LAYER THREE follows the same pattern, every evening.

L-theanine is an amino acid found almost exclusively in Camellia sinensis. Green tea is better known for its caffeine, but this extract is the other fraction of the leaf: standardized to 98% L-theanine, with caffeine reduced to trace levels in extraction. In EEG research, 200 mg L-theanine is the dose most consistently associated with increased alpha wave activity, a neural oscillation pattern found in states of relaxed alertness. L-theanine does not induce drowsiness.

Lemon balm contains rosmarinic acid and other polyphenols. It has a long history of use in European botanical traditions and is commonly paired with valerian in evening support formulas. The combination consistently performs better in published research than either compound alone.

Valeriana officinalis root contains naturally occurring compounds including valerenic acid and isovaleric acid. It has a long history of use in European botanical traditions for evening support. Published studies on the valerian and lemon balm combination consistently report better outcomes than either botanical alone.

Pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (P-5-P) is the active coenzyme form of vitamin B6, directly usable without the hepatic conversion required by pyridoxine HCl. B6 as P-5-P is a cofactor in over 100 enzymatic reactions, including decarboxylation steps in neurotransmitter biosynthesis pathways.